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Objective To investigate the awareness of occupational health knowledge and concept of front-line workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods A total of 1 188 front-line workers from 47 automobile manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. The awareness of occupational health knowledge and concept of the workers was investigated using the Personal Questionnaire for National Survey of Occupational Health Literacy for Key Populations. Results The median (25th and 75th percentiles) awareness of occupational health knowledge and concept among the research subjects was 56.00% (44.00%, 64.00%). The awareness was higher among male workers than female workers (P<0.05). The awareness was higher among married workers than workers with other marital status (P<0.05). The awareness of workers with an education level of middle school or below was lower than those in the senior high school and junior college group and bachelor's degree or above group (all P<0.05). The awareness of workers in the group with personal monthly income <5 000 was lower than that in the other two income groups with personal monthly income ≥5 000 (all P<0.05). The awareness of workers in medium and large enterprises was higher than that of workers in small and micro enterprises (all P<0.05). The awareness of workers in foreign-funded enterprises was higher than that in private enterprises and other enterprises (all P<0.05). The awareness of workers with job tenure >5-10 and >10 years was higher than that in workers with job tenure of 1-≤5 years (P<0.05). The awareness for the 25 items of occupational health knowledge and concept among the research subjects ranged from 6.14% to 96.72%, with an average awareness of 54.46% for the 25 items. Conclusion The awareness of occupational health knowledge and concept of front-line workers in automobile manufacturing industry is not high in general, and it is influenced by gender, marriage status, education level, personal monthly income, enterprise nature and scale, and job tenure.
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Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, high risk factors and pathogenic factors of sepsis-related liver injury patients by collecting epidemiological data and the sequencing results.Methods:A total of 288 sepsis patients been admited to the Emergency Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 1, 2018 to December 31,2019 were selected and divided into sepsis liver injury group ( n = 44) and sepsis without liver injury group ( n = 244) according to whether acute liver injury occurred or not. The differences ofthe general data, hematological parameters, severity of illness and other indicators at admission between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of sepsis-related liver injury. Total of 8 septic patients with liver injury and 4 septic patients without liver injury were selected for RNA-sequencing. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients, detected using RNA-seq, and differential genes were screened and analyzed. Results:Compared with the sepsis without liver injury group, patients in the liver injury group suffered less hypertension (11.4% vs. 30.3%) and relatively more chronic renal insufficiency (40.9% vs. 12.1%); more patients were admitted to the emergency department due to renal disease (43.2% vs. 24.6%), higher sequential organ failure score (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score (SOFA (points) 9.86 ± 3.59 vs. 5.41 ± 3.13, APACHE Ⅱ (points) (16.07 ± 4.41) vs. (14.46 ± 3.77), with prolonged hospital days (d): 8 (4.75, 13.75) vs. 6 (2, 9)]; in the liver injury group, the incidence of infection in respiratory and digestive systems (70.5% vs. 18.0%) andthe chance of infection with Staphylococcus aureus were higher (9.1% vs. 2.0%), and laboratory parameters (procalcitonin (PCT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), partial thromboplastin time (APTT), direct bilirubin (DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), alanine aminotransferase (AST)) were significantly increased [PCT (μg/L) (23.90 ± 33.22) vs. (10.95 ± 20.18), LDH (U/L) 540.00 (370.50, 1177.00) vs. 168.00 (98.65, 875.18), APTT (s) (41.50 ± 3.13) vs. (36.23 ± 5.27), DBIL (μmol/L) 18.50 (10.10, 58.85) vs. 10.30 (7.60, 16.85), ALT (U/L) 67.00 (41.25, 164.00) vs. 29.00 (18.00, 51.25), AST (U/L), 101.00 (51.25, 174.75) vs. 35.00 (25.00, 65.50)], while platelet (PLT) and albumin (Alb) were significantly lower than those in the sepsis without liver injury group [PLT (× 10 9/L) 62.50 (38.50, 164.25) vs. 90.5 (66.25, 165.5), Alb (g/L) (30.17 ± 7.16) vs. (34.20 ± 6.50)] (all P < 0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that Staphylococcus aureus infection, thrombocytopenia, elevated procalcitonin, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, elevated total bilirubin, and elevated glutamyltransferase were associated with sepsis with acute liver injury (odds ratio, OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.1167 (0.0380~0.7300), 0.9836 (1.0060~1.0290), 0.9986 (1.0000~1.0001), 0.9745 (1.0040~1.0170), 1.0020 (0.9940~1.0000), and 0.9931 (1.0000~1.0001), respectively. A total of 311 significantly differential expressed genes (DEGs) were selected, with 151 up-regulated genes and 160 down-regulated genes compared with the septic non-liver injury group. Further bioinformatics analysis reveled that the top 10 GO sequences are:①platelet α granules,② platelet α granule cavity,③wound healing,④cell migration,⑤multicellular organism process,⑥anatomical structure development,⑦cartilage ossification,⑧tissue development,⑨ keratinization,⑨Multicellular biological development. And KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that human disease-related pathways were dominant, mainly including purine metabolism, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, mineral nutrient absorption, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and FoXo signaling pathway. Conclusions:Staphylococcus aureus infection, thrombocytopenia, elevated procalcitonin, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, elevated total bilirubin, and elevated glutamyltransferase were independent risk factors for sepsis liver injury. Coagulation dysfunction, apoptosis, and metabolic level changes may be important mechanisms of sepsis-associated liver injury, which are related to purine metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and the expression of genes related to FoXo signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway.
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Nursing staff plays a crucial role in the end-stage of a patient′s life, and it is inevitable for nursing staff to face and handle problems about death. The ability to cope with death is of vital importance, which can reduce the risk of emotional distress in nurses, and assist nurses to better participate in patients' end-stage care, and improve the quality of care. This paper summarizes the definition, components, theoretical frameworks and models, assessment tools, status quo, influencing factors of the coping with death competence, and propose the corresponding intervention strategy according to the situation of our country, provide references for the future research.
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Nursing staff plays a crucial role in the end-stage of a patient′s life, and it is inevitable for nursing staff to face and handle problems about death. The ability to cope with death is of vital importance, which can reduce the risk of emotional distress in nurses, and assist nurses to better participate in patients' end-stage care, and improve the quality of care. This paper summarizes the definition, components, theoretical frameworks and models, assessment tools, status quo, influencing factors of the coping with death competence, and propose the corresponding intervention strategy according to the situation of our country, provide references for the future research.
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Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in the repair of various tissues.As a key transcription factor in IL-6 pathway, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) is required for heart protection.By inducing STAT3 activation, IL-6 signaling pathway could repair the cardiac damage in the healing process of many kinds of heart diseases, including cardiac injury, myocarditis and heart failure.Therefore, researches on the effect of IL-6/STAT3 pathway on heart repair has potential therapeutic implications for heart diseases.
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Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine-125 (125 I) seed implantation to treat malignant iliac lymph node metastases. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 11 patients with a total of 11 iliac lymph node metastases were implanted with 125 I seeds (14.8–25.9 MBq) under CT-guidance, both the seed quantity and distribution were measured with a computerized treatment planning system. Treatment effects and adverse events were evaluated. Results: 125 I seeds were successfully implanted in all patients, and the minimum peripheral dose of seeds was ranged from 30 to 110 Gy (median of 75 Gy). The median follow-up period was 11 months (ranged 3–39 months). Follow-up at 2 months after implantation revealed partial response in eight patients, stable disease in two patients, and progressive disease in one patient. The overall response rate and the local tumor control rate at 2 months were 72.73% and 90.91%, respectively. The rates of refractory pain and leg edema relief were 100% and 50% within 2 weeks after treatment, respectively. Survival rate at 1 year was 45.45%. No peri-interventional mortality or major complication was observed. Conclusion: 125 I seed implantation was a safe and effective technique for minimally invasive treatment for iliac lymph node malignant metastasis
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Parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (pESCs) derived from bi-maternal genomes do not have competency of tetraploid complementation, due to lacking of paternal imprinting genes. To make pESCs possess fully development potentials and similar pluripotency to zygote-derived ESCs, we knocked out one allelic gene of the two essential maternal imprinting genes (H19 and IG) in their differentially methylated regions (DMR) via CRISPR/Cas9 system and obtained double knock out (DKO) pESCs. Maternal pESCs had similar morphology, expression levels of pluripotent makers and in vitro neural differentiation potentials to zygotes-derived ESCs. Besides that, DKO pESCs could contribute to full-term fetuses through tetraploid complementation, proving that they held fully development potentials. Derivation of DKO pESCs provided a type of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) matched pluripotent stem cells, which would benefit research in regenerative medicine.
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Animals , Mice , Embryonic Stem Cells , Gene Knockout Techniques , Genomic Imprinting , Parthenogenesis , Pluripotent Stem Cells , Regenerative Medicine , TetraploidyABSTRACT
Objective@#To systematic evaluate the real experience of patients after falling during hospitalization and qualitative research on the cognition and demand for fall prevention will provide theoretical basis for patients, their families, medical staff and medical institutions to better carry out fall prevention.@*Methods@#English databases such as PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and Chinese databases such as Chinese biomedical literature database, CNKI, Wanang database were retrieved by computer. Included qualitative studies on the emotional experience of fall of inpatients and their cognition and needs for fall prevention. The retrieval time limit was until November 1, 2018.The literature was evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research (2016) of the JBI evidence-based health care center, and the results were integrated using a pooled integration method.@*Results@#A total of 8 studies were included, and 33 clear research results were extracted. Similar results were summarized and combined to form 7 new categories, which were integrated into 4 results. Results 1: psychological experience of hospitalized patients after falling down. Integration results 2: the causes of falls from the perspective of inpatients. Integration results 3: hospital fall prevention measures and evaluation from the perspective of inpatients. Integration result 4: inpatients expected to receive care from their families and help from medical staff.@*Conclusion@#Fall events seriously affect the mental health of patients; Patients′ cognition of falling is affected and changed by many factors. Fall prevention should shift from clinical focus to patient-centered and attach importance to the participation of family members.
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OBJECTIVE: To discuss the applicability of 3 risk assessment methods to evaluate the occupational health risk of benzene and its analogues in the workplace of an aircraft maintenance enterprise. METHODS: The workshops of compound material,structural and electromechanical involved in exposure of benzene and its analogues in an aircraft maintenance enterprise were chosen as study subjects. The optimal indicator system of risk assessment on occupational chemical hazards( hereinafter referred to as“optimal indicator system”),the Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and risk index method were used to classify the benzene hazards of 5 operating posts in 3 workshops. The risk stratification results of the 3 assessment methods were compared. RESULTS: The results of optimal indicator system for benzene risk rating was mild risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications for toluene and xylene were light risk. The risk classifications of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model for benzene,toluene and xylene were all low risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications of risk index method for benzene were all moderate risk in all workplaces. The risk classifications for toluene were harmless in all workplaces. The risk classifications for xylene were mild risk in all workplaces. CONCLUSION: There are differences among the evaluation results of the 3 risk assessment methods. The optimal indicator system could be more suitable for occupational health assessment of benzene and its analogues in aircraft maintenance industries.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To compare the prognostic value of three lymph node(N) staging systems, including the number of metastatic lymph nodes(pN), the metastatic lymph node ratio (Nr) and the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), in gastric cancer patients after radical resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and pathological data of 1 796 patients who underwent gastric cancer radical resection with complete follow-up information from January 2000 to December 2010 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively analyzed. For each patient, N stages were classified according to three lymph node staging systems (pN, Nr, and LODDS). The relationship between each N staging was examined. Survival was analyzed using the Cox's proportional hazard model, and discrimination of staging system was determined using the change value of Chi squared statistic (▹χ) from the log-likelihood test. A larger ▹χvalue indicates a better discriminatory ability. The homogeneity of 5-year overall survival across each pN stage within each Nr and LODDS stage was compared by using the log-rank test. The subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate whether each of the competing system was affected by the number of lymph nodes retrieved.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean number of lymph node examined and positive nodes in the entire cohort was 21.1±12.1 and 7.9±8.2,respectively. The median overall survival of all the patients was 45 months (95% CI: 42.6 to 47.4 months), and the 5-year survival rate was 55.0%(95% CI: 52.6% to 57.4%). The ▹χof Nr system was 198.546, which was higher than that of pN(191.255) and LODDS(196.557) system. Except for the pN3b stage, significant heterogeneity was found among patients of different Nr subcategories in 5-year overall survival rate (all P<0.05) within each pN stage. While there was no significant difference in overall survival when any of the Nr stages was stratified by pN stages(all P>0.05). Significant difference in survival among patients of different LODDS subcategories was also seen within each pN stage. But for the LODDS system, the survival rate was similar among patients of different pN subcategories (all P>0.05) apart from the LODDS3 stage. The hazard ratios of patients with insufficient lymph nodes examined (≤15) were higher than those with sufficient nodes examined (>15) when the pN classification was used (all P<0.05), whereas similar results were not found if the Nr or LODDS classification was applied.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with the pN staging system, both the Nr and LODDS staging system, especially the former, have a higher degree of discrimination ability and robustness to predict the prognosis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastrectomy , Lymph Nodes , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective Studies , Stomach Neoplasms , Pathology , General Surgery , Survival RateABSTRACT
Traumatic coagulopathy is a serious complication of tissue damage caused by trauma.In clinic,it easily develops into multiple system organ failure and results in high mortality.Traumatic coagulopathy is a plurality of blood coagulation disorder,its pathogenesis is extremely complex and involves tissue damage,blood coagulation,anticoagulation and fibrinolysis,inflammation and many other pathophysiological aspects.An in-depth study on the pathogenesis of traumatic coagulopathy is very important to improve clinical effect.This paper tries to do a review of recent study progress from pathophysiological mechanisms and hopes to provide reference for clinical work.
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Objective To study the effects of robot-assisted therapy combined with electromyographic biofeedback (EMGBF) on upper limb function after stroke.Methods Thirty acute stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups of 15.The patients in the control group received a conventional rehabilitation program and EMGBF.The patients in the treatment group received robot-assisted therapy for 30 minutes daily,6 days a week for 3 weeks combined with EMGBF on the basis of the conventional rehabilitation program.Upper limb motor function and ability in the activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed with the Fugl-Meyer upper extremity assessment (FMA) and a functional independence measure (FIM) before treatment,at 3 weeks and 3 months after treatment.Results After treatment the FMA and FIM scores of both groups were significantly better than before treatment.At 3 weeks after treatment there was no significant difference in the average FMA scores of the two groups,but at 3 months after treatment the patients in the treatment group had significantly better scores.No significant differences in FIM scores were observed at 3 weeks or 3 months.Conclusions Robot-assisted therapy combined with EMGBF can improve upper limb motor function significantly in acute stroke patients,and more effectively than EMGBF.But no significant advantage in improvement in ADL performance was observed with Robot-assisted therapy combined with EMGBF over EMGBF.
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Objective To investigate influencing factors of puncture site bleeding after trans-radial coronary intervention (TRI)in order to provide guidance for prevention of post-operative bleeding complications.Methods A total of 198 patients with TRI hospitalized at the department of interventional cardiology of our hospital from August,2011 to December,2011 were recruited in the study.In the prospective study,they were divided into two groups:bleeding group(n=62)and non-bleeding group(n=136).The general status,medication,position of radial compressor,time of immobilization of the wrist joint,duration of loosing tourniquet between the first time and second time and number of laps,time for depression,duration for total release of compression device and laboratory testing were recorded as data.Cox regression analysis was done to explore factors influencing bleeding.Results The factors for puncture site bleeding after trans-radial coronary intervention included pre-operative medications,location of compression device at the midline of operated forearm,distance between the compression device midpoint and the second wrist crease,and time for total release of compression device,with their RR=2.001,3.521,1.470 and 0.999,respectively.Conclusion Factors contributing to increased risk of local bleeding at puncture site following TRI included pre-operative medications,location of compression device at the midline of operated forearm,distance between the compression device midpoint and the second wrist crease;whereas the time for total release of compression device may be a protective factor.
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Objective To observe the rates of local complications (bleeding/swelling) after trans-radial coronary intervention (TRI),to investigate possible impact factors,in order to provide guidance for the prevention of these adverse events.Methods A total of 198 cases who performed TRI at the department of interventional cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August to December,2011 were included in the present study.Data with regards to local complications were collected peri-operatively,by means of direct inquiry,point-of-care observation and measurements,and laboratory testing.Patients who developed complications and patients who did not were compared in terms of compressor position,loosening protocol and so on.Variables with statistical significance in univariate analysis were further included in Cox regression.SPSS 18.0 software was applied for all statistical analysis.Results The relative risks (RR) of the following two variables,namely whether or not the midpoint of compressor was on the midline of forearm,and the vertical distance from the horizontal plate of the compressor to the puncture site,were 2.602 and 1.403,respectively.Conclusions The midpoint of compressor on the midline of forearm,and the vertical distance from the horizontal plate of the compressor to the puncture site were major risk factors of local complications after TRI.
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The shortage of organs and cells from the donors continues to restrict allotransplantation.To carry out the xenotransplantation of pig as the donor is a very important method to alleviate the problem.At present,the organs of pigs (such as islet cells,neurons,liver ceils and cornea) have been initially used in clinical practice.However,significant barriers to be overcome before pig organ xenotransplantation can become a clinical therapy because of the immune and physiological disorders.With pigs that express one or more human thromboregulatory or anti-inflammatory genes being developed,the research of the xenotransplantation has made significant progress,the survival time is logner,at the same time,risk of cross-infection between species is smaller.However,immune rejection and physiological obstacles still prevent organ xenotransplantation from clinical application.This review will draw attention to the latest progress of the xenotransplantation,and provide some references for researchers.
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This study examined the value of volume rendering (VR) interpretation in assessing the growth of pulmonary nodular ground-glass opacity (nGGO). A total of 47 nGGOs (average size, 9.5 mm; range, 5.7-20.6 mm) were observed by CT scanning at different time under identical parameter settings. The growth of nGGO was analyzed by three radiologists by comparing the thin slice (TS) CT images of initial and repeat scans with side-by-side cine mode. One week later synchronized VR images of the two scans were compared by side-by-side cine mode to evaluate the nGGO growth. The nodule growth was rated on a 5-degree scale: notable growth, slight growth, dubious growth, stagnant growth, shrinkage. Growth standard was defined as: Density increase ≥ 30 HU and (or) diameter increase (by 20% in nodules ≥10 mm, 30% in nodules of 5-9 mm). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed. The results showed that 32 nGGOs met the growth criteria (29 nGGOs showed an increase in density; 1 nGGO showed an increase in diameter; 2 nGGOs showed an increase in both diameter and density). Area under ROC curve revealed that the performance with VR interpretation was better than that with TS interpretation (P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.05 for observers A, B and C respectively). Consistency between different observers was excellent with both VR interpretation (κ=0.89 for observers A&C, A&B, B&C) and TS interpretation (κ=0.71 for A&B, κ=0.68 for A&C, κ= 0.74 for B&C), but time spending was less with VR interpretation than with TS interpretation (P<0.0001, P<0.0001 and P<0.05 for observers A, B and C, respectively). It was concluded that VR is a useful technique for evaluating the growth of nGGO.
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The clinical data of 76 children with EFE admitted from June, 1998 to December, 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. Tachypnea、 cough and cyanosis were common and all presented with heart failure. Electrocardiogram revealed sinus tachycardia 、left ventricular hyperthrophy and ST-T alterations. On chest radiograph 54 cases (54/76) had a cardiothoracic ratio ＞ 0. 65 and 33 with pneumonia.Echocardiopraphy revealed lowered left ventricular systolic function in all cases and decreased left ventricular diastolic function in 21 (21/76). 63 cases (63/76) presented with thickened and enhanced left ventricular endocardium and 11 (11/76) with thickened interventricular septals. All were treated with digitalis. 58children were improved and discharged, 10 gave up therapy and 8 died during hospitalization. 41 out of 58 improved cases were followed for 1 - 4 years, with 2. 6 years on average. Among them 28 were clinically cured, 7 deteriorated and 6 died of heart failure. Echocardiography is of diagnostic value for ERE. Systolic and diastolic function of the heart can be used to predict the outcome. Pulmonary infection is a major risk factor associated with deterioration. Long-term treatment is imperative to improve the prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the killing effect of hematoporphyrin derivative photedynamic therapy (PDT) on cultured human pancreatic cancer cell,and to explore the mechanism of this effect.Methods Biolitec PDT 630 semi-conductor laser therapeutic apparatus was used as the light source.After pancreatic cancer cell PANC1 was incubated 8 h with different concentrations of Photosan(hematoporphyrin derivative) as photosensitizer (0.5mg/L,1 mg/L,2 mg/L,4 mg/L),the cells were given different doses of 630nm laser irradiation(1 J/cm2' 5 J/cm~2,10 J/cm~2 ).The A492 value was determined in each group with MTT method.Cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry after PDT.Results There was no killing effect when no Photosan was administrated;10 J/cm~2 irradiation had killing effect on PANC1 when Photosan was administrated as 1 mg/L(0.140±0.013 vs 0.213±0.008,P＜0.05);5 and 10 J/cm~2 irradiation all had killing effect on PANC1 when Photosan was administrated as 2 mg/L (0.081±0.024 and 0.049±0.013vs 0.211±0.031,P＜0.05 and P＜0.01 );all doses of irradiation had killing effect when Photosan was administrated as 4 mg/L.There was no significant difference between 5 and 10 J/cm~2 irradiation in term of killing effect.Cell apoptosis rates with 0 or 2 or 4 mg/L Photosan and 10 J/cm~2 irradiation were(13.8±1.8) %,(40.9±1.6)%,(62.5±2.0)%,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions Photosensitizer or irradiation alone did not produce PDT effect.With certain dose of photosensitizer and irradiation,the PDT effect increased accordingly.
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Objective To evaluate the influence of social medical insurance treatment policy for specific chronic diseases on medication compliance in patients with primary hypertension in Guangzhou. Methods Questionnaire investigation was adopted to evaluate 219 patients with primary hy-pertension about medication compliance and relevant factors. Results Statistical analysis showed that the patients who enjoyed the policy were better than before in the medication compliance, the treatment satis-faction, the situation of discussing treatment projects with doctors. Conclusions "Treatment policy" facilitates improvement of medication compliance in padents with primary hypertension.
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Objective To identify and characterize dietary patterns in a middle-aged Guangzhou population and study associations between these patterns and plasma lipids.Method 555 subjects(98 men and 367 women) were recruited in Guangzhou.Subjects completed a detailed health and lifestyle questionnaire and provided a fasting blood sample for plasma lipids test.Dietary intake was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire.Dietary patterns were assessed by K-means cluster Analysis.Results Three dietary patterns were identified.In Cluster 1,the subjects took higher intakes of cereals(301.9?97.2) g/d,and the lower intakes of leafy vegetables(275.9?92.7)g/d,non-leafy vegetables(139.4?84.7) g/d,fruits(122.1?73.3) g/d,eggs(18.3?17.3) g/d and milk(50.0?93.2) ml/d.In Cluster 2,they was characterized by significantly higher intakes of dried legumes and legume products(28.5?31.1) g/d,eggs(30.2?18.3) g/d,milk(217.1?152.0) ml/d,nuts(7.0?13.9) g/d,fruits(345.0?151.8) g/d and non-leafy vegetables(280.3?153)g/d,and lower intakes of cereals(269.1?98.0) g/d.In Cluster 3,the people took higher intakes of leafy vegetables(540.6?158.3) g/d and fish(42.9?42.2) g/d,and the lower intakes of dried legumes and legume products(12.7?20.9) g/d,nuts(4.9?14.7) g/d.There were significant differences in LDL between clusters.Conclusion Dietary pattern of Cluster 2 could help to maintain plasma lipids in normal range.